Dogs, belonging to the class Mammalia and the family Canidae, are one of the most diverse and widespread domesticated animals. Descended from wolves, dogs have been human companions for thousands of years, selectively bred for various traits, resulting in hundreds of breeds with a wide range of sizes, shapes, and temperaments. Known for their loyalty, intelligence, and trainability, dogs serve numerous roles in human society, including as pets, working animals, service animals, and in roles such as search and rescue, law enforcement, and therapy. Their keen senses, particularly their sense of smell, make them invaluable in detecting drugs, explosives, and even certain medical conditions. Dogs have a significant impact on human culture and lifestyle, offering companionship and emotional support. However, responsible pet ownership and breeding practices are essential to address issues like overpopulation and health problems in certain breeds.